Assessment Of Groundwater Potential And Prediction Of The Potential Trend Up To 2042 Using GIS-Based Model And Remote Sensing Techniques For Kiambu County
Scientific Research Publishing
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Abstract: This study applies GIS and remote sensing methods to assess groundwater potential and its trends up to 2042 in Kiambu County, Kenya. Using a modified DRASTIC model?incorporating factors like geology, soil texture, land use, slope, lineaments, drainage, lithology, and rainfall?the authors identify spatial groundwater potential zones. Land use data from 1992 to 2022 shows rapid urbanization, loss of forests, and expanded croplands, all affecting groundwater recharge. Prediction models using the MOLUSCE plugin in QGIS forecast potential declines in the eastern regions and sustained medium-to-high potential in central Kiambu by 2042. Validation was conducted through field surveys of 32 boreholes. Key insights highlight the interplay between land use, rainfall trends, slope, and infiltration capacity in determining groundwater availability. The study recommends integrated groundwater management to mitigate the predicted decline and support climate-resilient water planning.