African green hydrogen: Using sustainable fertilisers for development

European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM)

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Abstract: This paper explores green hydrogen?s role in driving industrial and agricultural transformation in Africa. It compares Morocco?s export strategy, Egypt?s domestic ammonia market, and Kenya?s import-substitution approach. Emphasis is placed on fertiliser demand as a hydrogen use case. Challenges include infrastructure gaps, policy misalignment, and limited financing. Recommendations include regional integration, agro-industrial reform, and de-risking investment. Kenya is highlighted for its green electricity potential and agricultural need, suggesting hydrogen-fertiliser synergies as strategic levers.