Measuring Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Tracking Adaptation To Climate Change In Africa?s Livestock Sector
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
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Abstract: This technical publication presents findings from the Programme for Climate-Smart Livestock Systems (PCSL), which aimed to improve measurement of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and track climate adaptation in livestock systems across Kenya, Ethiopia, and Uganda. It critiques the widespread use of Tier 1 GHG emission factors in Africa, arguing that they overestimate emissions due to reliance on Global North data. The study promotes Tier 2 approaches based on country-specific feed, animal, and management data, showcasing ILRI-led efforts to measure emissions directly under East African conditions. It also introduces a novel adaptation tracking tool comprising 90+ indicators across climatic hazards, sectoral impacts, and adaptive capacities. The framework integrates institutional structures, climate data, and livestock system diversity. Findings indicate that traditional livestock enclosures (bomas) are significant nitrous oxide hotspots. The document emphasizes the dual role of livestock as both contributors to and victims of climate change.