Taxing Energy Use for Sustainable Development

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

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Abstract: Between 2007 and 2017,Kenya’s GDP grew by an average of 5.0% per year in total,and 2.3% per capita. Over the same period,energy-related CO2 emissions increased by 3.3% per year in total,and 0.6% per capita. Biofuels accounted for 83.2% of CO2 emissions from energy use in 2017,down from 88.0% in 2007. Diesel,the main fossil fuel used,accounted for 7.3% in 2017,up from 5.3% in 2007. Non-combustible energy sources,mainly hydropower in Kenya,accounted for 16.4% of primary energy use in 2017,up from 6.9% in 2007. Kenya is a net energy and oil importer. Electricity has reached 75% of the population but only 10.0% have access to clean cooking.